JAMA Network Open · RCT
Loose, Karst et al. · 2021
Flotation Restricted Environmental Stimulation Therapy for Chronic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Manuel Loose · Matthias Karst · Martin Schmidt · Florian Beissner
Key finding: The only placebo-controlled RCT of float-REST for chronic pain. n=99. A single session produced d = 0.99 acute pain reduction and Widespread Pain Index decreased by 2.0 body regions. Zero serious adverse events.
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Pain Research & Management
Bood, Kjellgren, Norlander et al. · 2009
Treating stress-related pain with the flotation restricted environmental stimulation technique
Sven Åke Bood · Anette Kjellgren · Torsten Norlander
Key finding: n=88, 12 sessions. Pain frequency: daily → weekly (p<.001). Pain area p<.001. After 12 sessions: stress −25%, anxiety −26%, depression −32%. The most comprehensive long-term float-pain study to date.
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BMC Complementary Medicine · Systematic Review
Lashgari et al. · 2025
The analgesic effects of floatation-REST: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Chapman University · Systematic Review Team
Key finding: All 11 studies reviewed found evidence of analgesic effects. Bayesian binomial test: very strong evidence (BF+ = 102,300) supporting float-REST as an analgesic intervention. "Flotation-REST appears promising for reducing chronic pain."
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